Quality of water for human consumption in Riacho Frio, Piauí
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2020.005.0054Keywords:
Potability standard, Water Quality Index (AQI), Subsurface water qualityAbstract
Brazil is a privileged country due to the wealth it has. Groundwater is essential for public supply in Brazil, many regions depend on groundwater sources, however, the natural distribution of this resource is not balanced. The state of Piauí is inserted in this reality: the underground sources of supply the natural resources traditionally used to supply these regions. Subsurface waters are also susceptible to contamination. The present work sought to evaluate the quality of subsurface water used in the human supply system in the city of Riacho Frio, State of Piauí. The municipality's water collection and distribution system consists of two tubular wells and a lifting station from which water distribution continues through the city's water supply system. Sampling campaigns were carried out in dry and rainy periods. For each sample collected, physical-chemical, biochemical and microbiological parameters of the water were analyzed and the framework continued with the standard defined by the resolutions of the CONAMA 357/2005 y 396/2008 and ordinance of MS 05/2017, as well as construction of the Water Quality Index (IQA). At all points, in both collection periods, the IQA was classified as a 'good' or 'excellent' level, with water quality considered satisfactory. In the dry period data, all OD samples, 75% of the thermotolerant coliform samples, are not adequate according to the standard, while in the rainy season, 75% of the total nitrogen samples and 100% of the total phosphorus samples are in non-compliance with the standard determined by legislation.
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