Comparative anatomy, histochemistry and phytochemistry of the vegetative organs of species of the genus Ocimum L. (Lamiaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2020.002.0027Keywords:
Medicinal Plants, Secondary Metabolites, AlfavacaAbstract
The discovery of the therapeutic properties of plants is something old, but for its use, it is necessary to identify the species correctly, and many times, morphological characters are not enough. Therefore, the objective of this work was to differentiate anatomically, histochemically and phytochemically three species widely used for the production of natural remedies of the genus Ocimum. Therefore, to carry out the laboratory analyzes, Ocimum basilicum, O. gratissimum and Ocimum campechianum were collected in urban gardens in the municipality of Alta Floresta, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Anatomically the species Ocimum basilicum and O. gratissimum are similar, while the difference of O. campechianum is due to the number of vascular bundles and root structure. Histochemical tests shown the similarity in compounds produced with medicinal potential and phytochemistry revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids, antioxidant compounds, expectorants and anesthetics. From the results obtained, we can conclude that the species have similar anatomy as well as the presence of secondary compounds, which are traditionally indicated for medicinal use.
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