Survey of aquatic insects: aid for the adoption of sustainable practices in dairy farms

Abstract

High productivity of dairy farming may affect water quality of resources through contamination of nutrients and chemicals dumped directly on their watercourses. The riparian vegetation that makes up the Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) of these aquatic ecosystems is also impaired due to the occupation of the dairy cattle on its shores. This article aims to highlight some theoretical reflections on how the results obtained through the survey of the aquatic insects in the lotic environments within dairy farms can contribute to the challenges faced by the pursuit of sustainability. To this end, a literature review of the narrative type was carried out, for which 21 publications were selected in the Periodical databases CAPES, Scielo, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Science.com and Embrapa - Agricultural Research, and three categories of analysis emerged: a) Dairy market and globalization; B) Governance process in dairy farming; c) Aquatic insects as bioindicators for achieving environmental sustainability. The categories analyzed in this paper highlight the importance of dairy production for the local and global economy, as well as its social relevance that must be strengthened through the governance process. The analysis also showed the need to implement sustainability in dairy farms in order to provide an improvement in the environmental quality of natural resources, thus generating an improvement of milk quality offered by the rural producer.