Rain Anomaly Index (IAC) in the Northern Region of the state of Espírito Santo: an analysis of the hydrographic basins of the mucuri, Itaúnas and São Mateus rivers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2021.008.0017Keywords:
Anomaly, Rain, Watersheds, Espírito Santo, PrecipitationAbstract
This study presents an analysis of rainfall anomaly indices in the watersheds of the Itaúnas/Mucuri and São Mateus rivers, northern of Espírito Santo, Brazil. This study focuses on 9 climatological stations available in the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), and was based on historical data from 1989 to 2019. First, this study collected precipitation data and then determined the Rain Anomaly Index (IAC) using equations. The lowest result of the annual precipitation surveyed was 760.3 mm, and the highest was 1.225.3 mm. The driest months are from May to September. About the characterization of rainfall and the determination of the degree of severity of dry and wet periods through the IAC calculation, there was heterogeneity in the arrangement of positive and negative anomalies in most stations studied. The years 1991, 1992, 1998, and 2015 showed higher absolute values of the IAC, probably due to the interference of the high-intensity El Niño phenomenon. The La Niña phenomenon, based on the analysis undertaken, did not significantly affect the northern region of Espírito Santo in the period studied. This research ensures that the analysis of precipitation and rainfall anomaly results can contribute to a more strategic water planning for the northern region of Espírito Santo, improve the use of water resources, and helps to mitigate and prevents socio-environmental damage.
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