Vulnerability indicators and 1991-2010 drought governance assessment in the semi-arid of Paraíba
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2020.003.0018Keywords:
Water Shortage, Socio-Ecological System, Governmental Actions, WeaknessesAbstract
The development of indicators of vulnerability to drought and the assessment of governance in the semiarid region is of fundamental importance in order to seek alternatives to improve the living conditions of the population. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop indicators of vulnerability to drought and to assess governance, in the period from 1991 to 2010, in of the Cariri Oriental municipalities of Alcantil and São João do Cariri, semi-arid region of Paraíba. The work was carried out in two municipalities in the semi-arid region of Paraíba in the Cariri Oriental micro-region (Alcantil and São João do Cariri), the data for making the indicators were obtained from the spreadsheets of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). An index was developed based on the adaptive capacity (political-institutional) composed of an indicator of vulnerability and governance; demography and MHDI; sensitivity (socioeconomic) formed by the indicators income, work and housing and exposure (sociocultural) composed by the education indicator. Each indicator has sub-indicators formed by factors chosen according to each municipality studied compared to data at the level of Brazil. The indicators of vulnerability to drought and governance developed are able to diagnose the situation of the population in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, and point out which governance strategies have been used to mitigate vulnerability. The municipalities of Cariri Paraiba, more precisely Alcantil and São João do Cariri when comparing 1991 to 2000 and 2000 to 2010, are considered vulnerable to drought, since the drought governance strategies adopted are still not enough to supply all the problems. The main governance strategies adopted in Alcantil and São João do Cariri are Bolsa Família, Benefit of continued provision, light for all, jobs in public agencies and the family health program.
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