Evaluation of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the air quality in Rio Grande do Sul using the GIOVANNI-NASA platform
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2022.009.0002Keywords:
Air pollution, Coronavirus, Remote sensingAbstract
Air pollution is a recurrent theme, being the subject of study in several researches related to public health. As of December 31, 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread worldwide: in Africa, Asia, America, Europe, and Oceania. As of March 12, 2020, it was considered a pandemic, and as the number of cases increased, countries began to adopt some sort of measure to contain the spread of the virus. Thus, the objective of this research was to perform a space-time analysis of the levels of pollutants in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), in the years 2018 to 2022. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and ozone (O₃) concentrations were analyzed. Images were taken on the GIOVANNI-NASA platform during the period from March 1 to April 1, for each of the research. CO, NO₂ and SO₂ showed significant differences between the years 2018 and 2021. In addition, CO and NO₂ experienced decreases in their levels for the year 2019, prior to the pandemic. The concentration of O₃, on the other hand, became higher during the pandemic, as this is directly influenced by nitrogen monoxide emissions. The COVID-19 pandemic altered the concentrations of pollutants in Rio Grande do Sul, both positively and negatively. Remote Sensing allows us to analyze, quickly and accurately, the impacts generated mainly by human activities on the environment, becoming fundamental to the search for solutions.
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