Analysis of the modes and effects of failures in the water supply system in the municipality of Bananeiras-PB: an approach to capture to the distribution network

Abstract

Risk is something that has permeated humanity since its inception. Through its perception, it is to conjecture undesirable future scenarios – and, this time, it will enable its elimination or mitigation since its materialization is likely to bring harm to an organization, to human beings and even to the environment. Thus, an application of risk analysis methodologies helps to prevent or reduce the impact of impact through mechanisms that affect the quality of the service provided and the operability of the system. Composing the list of services, the water supply systems (SAA) are included, which are complex in their operation and, like any other activity, failures are occurring. The objective of this research was to list the possible failure modes inserted in each stage of the SAA in the municipality of Bananeiras-PB. For this purpose, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) methodology was used, considering the stages of Capture, Adduction, Treatment, Treated Water Elevation, Reserve and Distribution of the system. Eleven professionals linked to the area of ​​water resources and sanitation were interviewed in order to quantify as causes of failures and their respective degrees of Severity, Occurrence and Detection and, through the products of the three indexes, to find the degree of risk (RPN). With the results obtained, it was possible to rank which events are more likely to happen, as well as their magnitude and chance of interrupting the service provided to users. Through weighting, a distribution step was the one with the highest RPN. It is necessary to insert prevention and mitigation measures in order to mitigate possible flaws inherent to the system, given that some are already taking place.