Aquatic ecotoxicity studies in Brazil: the use of free-living fish as test organisms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2022.010.0018Keywords:
Toxicity test, Brazilian diversity, Native fish, Biological modelsAbstract
Aquatic species in Brazil come in a wide variety, but in recent decades, human activity and the release of toxins have severely harmed these ecosystems. Fish are widely used as a biological model in aquatic toxicity assays. Despite the richness found in Brazil, the standardized species for these trials are largely exotic. This study aimed to evaluate, through a bibliographic survey carried out in the Web of Science, Scopus, and CAB Direct databases, the use of free-living and non-standard aquatic organisms (fish) as test organisms in aquatic toxicity tests conducted in Brazil from 2017-2021. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 85 articles were selected. For toxicity assessments, the studies used 39 species of free-ranging fish. This census showed that, currently, several studies have used native and endemic species of Brazil as test organisms in aquatic ecotoxicity tests. Given the significant roles that these species play in these environments, they have the potential to be useful as biological models in the assessment of the toxicity of various chemical substances. This strengthens their potential as potential indicators of the quality and health of Brazilian aquatic ecosystems.
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