Land use and landscape structure analysis of municipality Porto Esperidião – Mato Grosso state
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/SPC2179-6858.2017.001.0016Keywords:
Environmental Conservation, Biogeography, Agriculture, Livestock, GeotechnologiesAbstract
In Mato Grosso State the territorial divisions were not constituted based on environmental and spatial planning, disregarding the regional differences and the peculiarities of the different micro-regions. The landscape was changed over the years, as the economic activity demanded the areal expansion for its development. In view of that, the objective of this study was to perform the space-time analysis of the landscape structure of the Porto Esperidião municipality, aiming to generate information which would contribute to its environmental management. The work was carried out in the following steps: surveys of cartographic bases of Projects Radambrasil (1982) and Probio (1997); Image registration; Clipping; Segmentation; Digital classification of satellite images; Quantification of data and elaboration of thematic maps. The results show changes in all vegetation classes during the last 29 years (1982-2011), with a 54.77% decrease of the original vegetation and a 54.22% increase of land use, mainly related to livestock. As for the structure of the municipal landscape, it was observed that during the period analyzed, the land use contributed to the fragmentation of the natural vegetation. The matrix in 1982 constituted by vegetation and in 2002 and 2011 by pasture. It was concluded that during the period investigated, between 1982 and 2011, the natural vegetation of Porto Esperidião was suppressed mainly due to the development of agricultural activity, resulting in a decrease of vegetation from the original biomes, and an increase in the number of fragments, reducing consequently the biodiversity of Fauna and Flora and impacting environmental conservation.
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