Application of factor analysis to determine socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability in the municipalities of Paraíba State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2019.004.0008Keywords:
Multivariate analysis, Northeast of Brazil, Risk, Social and environmental inequalitiesAbstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability in the municipalities of Paraíba State, based on descriptive variables of four main dimensions: Socioeconomic, Demographic, Health Care and Environmental. The methodology was based on the application of multivariate statistics based on the factor analysis (FA) technique. The selected variables were derived from the IBGE 2010 Census and from monthly to cumulative environmental data from 1990 to 2010 obtained from INMET. From the AF it was possible to determine the Socioeconomic and Environmental Vulnerability Index (IVSA) that allowed understanding the relationships between the adjusted factors, and it was possible to identify five main competing forces that act on the vulnerability process in the municipalities of Paraíba state. The main descriptive variables were: mean air temperature (99.4%); maximum average temperature (98.8%) and annual precipitation (98.8%) (Climate dimension); MHDI of income (96.2%) and per capita income (96.1%) (Socioeconomic dimension). Thus, the logic of vulnerability in the state of Paraíba was defined by factors that condition the environment and work capacity, being verified predominantly in areas with larger population quantities and also presenting higher economic value.
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