Use of pesticides in anthropized areas of the Western Amazon by family farming
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2018.008.0004Keywords:
Pesticide, Contamination, Human risk, Environmental risk, AmazonAbstract
The Amazon region has been the scene of events that produce complex consequences for biodiversity, the environment and human societies, mainly due to deforestation for the implementation of agriculture and environmental contamination by production residues, especially pesticides. Due to this problem, involving animal, vegetable and environmental production, this work aimed to identify the practices adopted with the use of pesticides in areas anthropized by family farming in the Cacoal (RO) microregion. To this end, rural properties were visited to collect data on the zootechnical characteristics of production, recurrent diseases, adoption of therapeutic practices with antiparasitics and use of pesticides. 227 (1.34%) properties were visited from a total of 16,856 belonging to the Cacoal (RO) microregion. Ectoparasitoses, such as ticks (92.45%) and horn flies (77.36%), were the most recurrent diseases in cattle, in which control is performed through the use of pesticides. Nine different chemical bases used for the control of such diseases were identified, among which the most used were pyrethroids, organophosphates and avermectins. In addition, the former had a high frequency of use in 47.8% and 41.2% of the visited properties, and were associated with tick resistance to ticks. Regarding the use of pesticides in crops, their use was observed in 116 properties (59.7%), mainly for the control of invasive plants. Pyridinecarboxylic acid was the most used, followed by aniloxyalkanoic acid and Phenoxyacids, the first two being extremely toxic to humans and animals. In addition, pyridinecarboxylic acid, used in 41% of properties, has a high potential for environmental hazard. The results of this work demonstrate a risk associated with the use of pesticides in anthropized Amazon rainforest environments for biodiversity and a high degree of risk of human poisoning and / or their spread through animal products coming from the region.
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