Selection of forest species for ecological restoration in degraded springs in the Forest Zone of Rolim de Moura

Abstract

The Forest Code is a forest policy instrument that guides the protection and use of native vegetation in Brazil. Within the scope of this legal provision, the maintenance of permanent protection areas (APP) and legal reserve on rural properties is foreseen. Thus, in 2012 there was a reformulation of the forest code, which created the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR), which is mandatory, allowing the integration of environmental information on rural properties and possessions, facilitating monitoring, environmental and economic planning and combating logging. In view of this, properties with environmental liabilities will have to adapt to the vegetation protection policy provided for in the Law. Several non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and non-profit institutes are assisting in these adaptation projects, mainly in areas of small rural properties . Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out a research on the main forest species that are used in riparian forest recovery programs in the Zona da Mata Rondoniense. Riparian forests are considered as APP in the legislation and represent important elements of the landscape in the maintenance of springs and water courses. Data collection was carried out in the archives of the NGO ECOPORÉ and SEDAM through the institution's bibliographic archive, seeking to record the species used in the projects. The use of 52 native forest species used in two projects (Igarapé Manicoré and D'Alincourt) that served more than 175 properties was reported. It was identified that 64.54% species belong to the non-pioneer ecological group, followed by 32.7% pioneers. Most species are indicated for dry land (67.3%), and the seed dispersal syndrome was predominantly zoochoric (44.20%), followed by anemochory (42.30%). The species chosen in the projects for the recovery of areas on the D’ Alincourt and Manicoré streams present high diversity and terrain adaptability, demonstrating that the inclusion of varied ecological groups facilitates the establishment of forests.