Comparison of land use mappings by geoprocessing techniques in São Lourenço do Sul/RS

Abstract

Erosion is a naturally occurring process on the planet, a result of the constant modification of the relief. This process, however, has been accelerated due to inadequate uses of each individual's capabilities; as well as the removal of your protective vegetable cover. The consequence of this acceleration is generally perceived in the intensification of natural disasters such as floods and landslides. Currently the study for erosion control is expensive and time consuming. Therefore, the techniques of geoprocessing come as a way to streamline analyzes, saving time and cheapening the process (without losing quality). The objective of this work was to analyze two distinct land’s use mappings, and to compare possible incompatibilities between them, indicating a probable environmental impact resulting from use. By comparison, it is evident that some soils that are susceptible to erosion and have low water availability, such as the hills being used for cultivation. In contrast, to a lesser extent, it is noted that lowland lagoon soils are not being used for cultivation, as stipulated in the original capacity of use. Although the municipality of São Lourenço do Sul possesses a classification for its use of the soil, it was verified that this capacity does not characterize the real scenario completely, not having complied on the part of the residents nor inspection of the public power regarding this use. It is necessary, in order to achieve a reduction of the high erosive degree in the municipality, the creation of plans and programs that facilitate the identification of the ideal area to be cultivated, as well as the correct techniques of planting and management to be used by the farmer. Therefore, the soil losses will be mitigated and the area conservation will be restored.