Criteria for the selection of priority areas for conservation in watersheds

Abstract

The methodological boundaries for selecting priority areas must be well established, as they are important strategic management actions. The selection and mapping of these areas occurs mainly from a set of criteria previously determined, according to the conservation target, thus subsidizing decision making. This study aimed to analyze the main criteria adopted for the selection of priority areas for conservation in watersheds. In methodological terms, a literature review was carried out, using the CAPES / MEC, Google Scholar and JTSOR database. The results demonstrate a low number of scientific articles published in the last ten years covering priority areas in watersheds, evidencing a gap in knowledge about objective criteria for selecting these areas; seven macro criteria were identified and discussed: catchment areas for public supply, proximity to the drainage network, possibility of connecting forest fragments, areas susceptible to erosion, distance from the road network, urbanization index and protection of ecologically relevant areas. In the conclusions, recommendations are highlighted for the eligibility of the criteria that make up the process of selecting priority areas for conservation and restoration in watersheds. Although the selection process of these areas may present limitations in the analysis, the use of consolidated criteria may represent an advance in future research that seeks to identify priority areas in watersheds, aiming above all to maintain the quantity, quality and permanence of the water supply. sweet, acting in conjunction with the purposes of biodiversity conservation.