Impacts of air pollution on the bee pollination process: city of Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Bees are considered extremely important for the maintenance of life on the planet, mainly due to their contribution and responsibility in the process of pollination of agricultural and natural ecosystems. However, studies indicate the decrease of the population in bee species throughout the planet, relating this fact to air pollution, mainly due to the increase in nitrogen oxide (NOx) levels, having as main cause vehicular emissions. Thus, the main objective of this work is to study the possible environmental impacts arising from NOx levels on the bee pollination process in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The methodology used was through a bibliographic survey about the problem that involves the pollination process of bees, as well as on the taking of data on the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for the city of Rio de Janeiro and factors that can impair efficient pollination in the region. At the end of this research, it was possible to observe the lack of studies related to the direct influence of NOx gases on vegetation, as well as on their impact on bee pollination. It is noteworthy that this work sought to point out how important and urgent this issue is, suggesting the need for monitoring these gases, as well as actions for greater preservation of species, such as environmental education and stimulation in the creation of stingless bees.