Remote sensing and geographical information system applied to the analysis of the space for environmental degradation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2020.007.0009Keywords:
Degradation levels, Remote sensing, Digital mapsAbstract
The disorderly and uncontrolled urban expansion has been causing environmental degradation along the southwestern loop of the city of Campina Grande-PB, due to the removal of native vegetation and the removal of soil for civil construction. This work aimed to study environmental degradation around the southwestern loop, incorporating Remote Sensing techniques and Geographic Information Systems. The temporal space study of environmental degradation was carried out in the entire study area based on the images of the Landsat-5 satellite for the years 1989 and 2007 and the Landsat-8 satellite for the year 2017, analyzing the dynamics of the degradation that occurred in the area over those years. Field work was carried out with the use of GPS to identify control points to ascertain the state of degradation in the control area and subsequent georeferencing. The results were presented in the form of digital maps generated from the georeferencing and digital treatment of the Landsat-5 and Landsat-8 images. It was found that, during the 28 years analyzed, there was a significant real estate explosion in the region. The vegetation cover had a very sharp decline, mainly represented by the urban expansion along the southwestern loop. The most worrying index is the level of serious degradation, which went from 34.72 km² to 89.27 km² in the period of 28 years.
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