Soil cracking due to wetting-drying cycles and its relation to solar radiation in southern Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2022.011.0005Keywords:
Soils, Cracks, Solar radiation, Field experimentAbstract
The drying up of soils is a natural process that occurs in the drier seasons. In 2020 the center-south region of Brazil experienced a period of great drought, drawing attention to the problem. Water loss through evaporation generates stresses in the surface layer of the soil. When these stresses exceed their tensile strength, the soil cracks. In this work, different types of soils from the city of Irati-PR, Brazil, were studied in order to assess the evolution of cracking during the dry season. The collected material was divided into two groups. The first one was exposed to the weather conditions, having precipitation and solar radiation as main agents. The second group was kept away from the weather conditions. Day by day the cracking process was recorded. The images obtained were processed using the software ImageJ®. The Cracking Index Factor evolution of each soil was obtained through pixel counting. The correlation between solar radiation and Cracking Index Factor was investigated. After the analysis, the results show a higher Cracking Index Factor for soils with higher plasticity indexes, indicating that the type of soil affected the results. In addition to plasticity, the fines content of the soils has an influence on the pattern and amount of cracking. The results also showed that solar radiation is directly related to cracking and that after the first wetting and drying cycle all soils are more vulnerable to higher cracking than previously observed.
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