Active fire data and management in Monte Alegre State Park
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2021.010.0044Keywords:
Forest Fire, Protected Area, Remote Sensing, Environmental ManagementAbstract
Fire is one of the most critical factors in determining the structure of ecosystems. The high-frequency fires can promote changes in the landscape and compromise the conservation of protected areas. Understanding fire behavior is essential to support decision-making for protected areas management, so this study carried out a historical survey of active fire detected by MODIS and VIIRS sensors in the Monte Alegre State Park (PEMA). The active fire data collected in the NASA database were compared with Monte Alegre municipality climatic data, PRODES deforestation records, vegetation classification by MapBiomas in the park area, and documental and field data from IDEFLOR-Bio, the government agency accountable for the park management. The correlation between the climatic data and fire frequency was tested. MODIS sensor detected 20 hot spots, while VIIRS detected 28 hot spots. Savannas and lower precipitation periods presented a higher frequency of active fire. The data showed a possible relation between fire and land-use conversion to agriculture. The average monthly temperature and mean monthly moisture showed a correlation with fire frequency. Forest fire prevention at PEMA must consider the hot spot patterns, combining education and inspection activities in the surrounding communities with integrated fire management in savannas, and intensified protection during low precipitation periods.
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