Analysis by geoprocessing of pressure, state and population response: coastal zone region of Barra de São Miguel, Alagoas, Brazil

Abstract

According to the MMA - Ministry of the environment, a large amount of the population lives in coastal areas the possibility of increased demographic concentration in these regions. It is a sensitive region where environmental quality, landscape and biological diversity value are subject to urban and industrial pressures which can result in an imbalance of natural habitats. This study presents the template PER – Pressure, State and Response, applied to existing environmental assets in coastal area of Region of Barra São Miguel (RBSM), located in the state of Alagoas, demonstrating the updating, analysis and identification of these environmental assets and how the social and environmental pressure present in the area. To this and, we sought to compare population data and infrastructure in study on the portal website of IBGE and MMA, demonstrating the results and reasons through Geoprocessing tool, pointing its modifications during the analysis period. This work has defined the pressures suffered in the region and pointed out that the continuous increase of the population, such as the presence of facilities can results in major consequences of impact in the area, since access to basic hygiene and health conditions is worrying. The environment is reported as a priority area for conservation of biodiversity and the Northeastern Region of the Atlantic Forest, identifying protected areas with high biological importance.