Surveillance culture: assessment of the incidence of critical resistance phenotypes

Abstract

Health Care-Related Infections (HAI) have a high hospital prevalence, resulting in a great impact on health, by increasing morbidity and mortality. As a result, it is inherent to carry out preventive measures, such as the Surveillance Culture, through the collection of swabs, in order to detect the critical phenotypes of resistance and multidrug-resistant microorganisms, in addition to guiding the adoption of measures to reduce their spread. To analyze the prevalence of critical resistance phenotypes in patients in a hospital in Aracaju/SE. This is an epidemiological, retrospective, cross-sectional study referring to the prevalence of microorganisms and the occurrence of critical resistance phenotypes isolated from surveillance cultures of anal, axillary and nasal swabs in a hospital unit in Aracaju/ IF. Of the 2,811 swab samples intended for the investigation of critical resistance phenotypes (CRF), 657 (23.4%) were positive. As for the distribution between the anatomical sites analyzed, positivity was obtained in 29.9% of anal samples, 13.6% nasal and 11.3% axillary. Being the ESBL and AmpC the most found FCR. Despite the higher prevalence of CRF in anal samples, research in different anatomical sites is essential. In addition, the epidemiological differences of phenotype isolates in surveillance cultures leads to the need for work in each health service in order to determine their etiological profile.