BIM and GIS technologies applied to environmental impact analisys during roadway route planning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2021.004.0054Keywords:
BIM Technology, Environmental Impact Assessment, Roadway Alignment Planning, GIS, Road Location AlternativesAbstract
Road infrastructure projects require extensive analysis to meet human needs with a minimal impact on the environment. Environmental Impact Assessment is traditionally applied after the road alternative is determined, however, during the alignment planning there is a need to consider the impacts generated by each alternative, to define the alignment with the least impact. Thus, this paper presents an application of Information Modeling programs in conjunction with Georeferenced Information Systems for Environmental Impact Assessment of road alignment planning studies. Therefore, this thesis aims to verify the applicability of BIM and GIS technologies, through the case study of a segment in BR-135 / BA, between km 207 to 212, in the municipality of São Desidério, Bahia. Different workflows in computer programs of both technologies were applied in the generation of alignment alternatives. The results obtained by the application of BIM and GIS technologies in the alignment optimization, were analyzed in in terms of estimated environmental impact. It was found that GIS technology has the potential for use in impact assessment if used in conjunction with project design, depending on the weights and criteria employed in the optimization. Whereas, the tested BIM technology does not yet have the processing capacity required to evaluate all the environmental restrictions considered in this case study.
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