Truckers' strike and pollutant concentration in the Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2021.002.0034Keywords:
Diesel oil, Air pollution, Cargo transportation, Truckers strike, Monitoring StationsAbstract
The main objective of this work was to evaluate the concentrations of pollutants in two monitoring stations for pollutants located in Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, during the truck drivers' strike period, between May 21 and 30, 2018. The two stations - Jardim Primavera and Jardim Guandu - can be considered entry/exit routes in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The concentrations of the following pollutants were analysed: sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, particulate matter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide. The data covered the period from May 7 to June 13, 2018, and were divided into two different groups: strike period and period outside it. One of the tools used for analysis was the box diagram, presenting the daily concentration of each pollutant and its respective behavior. In order to compare the behavior of the pollutants during the strike of truck drivers and their proximity, a homogeneity test between the two groups was carried out, being applied the test of equal variances. For situations that indicated the hypothesis of non homogeneity between the two groups, the t student test was added, in order to evaluate if there was significant difference between the means of the different periods. Comparing the strike period and the no strike period, sulphur dioxide was the only pollutant that did not show difference in behavior in both stations. Carbon monoxide showed a decrease of average concentration in both stations during the strike period, which can be a result of the effect of the motor vehicles paralysis in that period. Nitrogen dioxide also showed lower concentration during the strike period in both stations. Ozone had inverse behavior, which was effect of the relationship between Volatile Organic Compounds and Nitrogen Oxides. The particulate matter presented reduction of concentrations in Jardim Primavera during the strike, but with elevation in Jardim Guandu during the same period. Hypothesis for this elevation would be the use of the roads close to Jardim Guandu as an alternative escape route for truck drivers. It is believed that the present work can contribute to the identification of the impacts, in terms of atmospheric pollution, caused by the preferential option given to trucks for the transportation of cargo in Brazil.
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