Statistical techniques for water quality analysis in irrigated areas in the low São Francisco River
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2020.002.0021Keywords:
Environmental Monitoring, Physical-Chemical Parameters, Multivariate AnalysisAbstract
Knowing the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water quality is very important when trying to build management strategies to revitalize watercourses. The objective of the study was to perform physical-chemical monitoring and to analyze the possible impacts of irrigated agriculture on water quality in the lower São Francisco river, in the municipalities Canindé do São Francisco (semi-arid) and Neópolis (semi-humid) in the period of 03/2013 to 12/2014. Twenty-two physico-chemical parameters were monitored monthly in four watercourses: the Onça River, the Betume River, the Betume drainage and the São Francisco River. The data obtained were analyzed using multivariate static techniques to determine their interrelationships, as well as to simplify their interpretation. The parameters of water quality are mainly related to the mineral content, nutritional, organic matter and degree of pollution. Among the studied regions, the irrigated perimeter California presented a higher degree of eutrophication explained mainly by high values of dissolved oxygen (DO), phosphorus, nitrogen and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The use of statistical techniques to analyze the results of the physicochemical parameters can show various problems in the irrigated perimeters in the lower São Francisco River, regarding the agricultural management and the water quality of the springs.
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