Analysis of the technical viability of composting for the production of organic fertilizer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2020.002.0020Keywords:
Solid Waste, Organic Matter, Organic FertilizerAbstract
The solid waste problem is due to the high generation as well as the destination and environmentally inappropriate final disposal. The composting emerges as a form of make use able to attribute value to the organic matter that would be disposed of landfills. The objective was to evaluate the technical viability of the composting process by monitoring and evaluating physical and chemical parameters. In this work, a compost heap was assembled above ground, in open area, at the Dom Delgado campus, UFMA. In this work, it was assembled a compost heap on the ground, in open area, at the Dom Delgado campus, UFMA. It was piled with 625 kg of waste, being pruning of cashew tree and acacia mixed with chicken manure, in previously calculated quantities to ensure a good Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratio, around 30:1. During the process, pH, temperature, C/N ratio and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were analyzed. In the end, the results were compared to the requirements of Normative Instruction No. 25/2009 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) and the Resolution No. 481/2017 of the National Environment Council (CONAMA). The composting was successful and all parameters analyzed showed good results. The pH remained above 7.0, ending at 8.6 and the C/N ratio values decreased by 76.63% when compared to the initial values. When compared to the Normative Instruction, the compound met the requirements and fits the organic fertilizer classification, however it did not remain in the temperature range of 55ºC for 14 days and 60ºC for 3 consecutive days respectively, specified by Conama Resolution 481/2017. The compost heap has reached the temperature ranges mentioned by the resolution, but has not remained for the set period.
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