Socio-environmental impacts caused by a open sky leak: an analysis in the Marudá/PA district

Abstract

To analyze the socioenvironmental impacts resulting from the final disposition of solid waste in an open pit located in the district of Marudá/PA. The research methodology included: literature review, field research by systematic observation and Check-list application using Leopold's matrix of qualitative assessment of environmental impacts in the study area. In addition, 30 questionnaires were applied to the families living in the vicinity of the dump, in order to diagnose the residents' perception of the possible risks resulting from the inadequate final disposal of solid waste. The data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics through the binomial test to identify the discrete probabilistic distribution of the answers obtained in the forms using BioEstat software. The results indicate the average of waste sent to the dump of 7,433 tons between the years 2012 to 2016 registered by the SNIS and the environmental impacts are diverse such as: pollution of soil, air and water resources. It was also evidenced that, residents are aware of the degradation caused by the city's dump and the risks that this form of final destination causes to the environment in 100% (p = 1.0), the population feels marginalized because it resides near the dump 60% (p = 0.61), and 100% (p = 1.0), complained mainly of the odors released by the decomposition of residues, in addition to the devaluation of real estate in 90% of cases (p = 0.91); (p = 0.46) and 100% (p = 1.0) of the community adopted preventive measures as a precautionary measure for diseases.