Statistical optimization of biodiesel synthesis from sunflower oil in the methyl route

Abstract

With the pollution caused by oil, it was necessary to search for new energy sources in order to mitigate the high emission of combustion gases, so biofuels are renewable sources with easy obtaining of the main raw material. The objective was to evaluate the influence of some parameters and their relationship with the mass yield and the physicochemical characterization of biodiesels synthesized from sunflower oil. For this, the experimental planning methodology was used, modifying the variables of molar ratio, percentage of catalyst and reaction time. The synthesis took place at a temperature of 60°C and the properties were analyzed to verify compliance with the National Petroleum agency. As a result, it was satisfactory, the biodiesel yield was above 90% in addition to being approved in the characterization of physical-chemical parameters in accordance with ANP standards. The study of variables that directly affect performance was consistent when compared to other authors. It is concluded that studies in this area must be constant, increasing the number of publications and encouraging production and improvement in synthesis processes.