Mathematical modeling as a support for the management of water resources in the Araçuaí river basin (MG)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6008/CBPC2179-6858.2021.011.0027Keywords:
Autodepuration, Modeling, QUAL-UFMG, Water qualityAbstract
The monitoring and adoption of tools that assist in decision making are fundamental for the good management of the water quality in a hydrographic basin. Therefore, this study used the mathematical model QUAL-UFMG to evaluate the self-depuration capacity of the Araçuaí River in Minas Gerais, analyzing the variables dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) considering the years 2016, 2017 and 2018 for calibration and 2019 for model validation. Subsequently, a hypothetical scenario was simulated, considering the implementation of sewage treatment plants with an 85% BOD removal efficiency for all municipalities in the basin that are not yet in operation, until the year 2033, based on the National Plan for Basic Sanitation - PLANSAB. The model results showed that both the calibration and validation processes presented good results regarding the RMEQ index. It was observed that the water quality, after the discharge of effluents from the municipality of Itamarandiba, does not meet the conditions established by CONAMA Resolution 357/2005 regarding the variable BOD. For the DO variable it was not found non-compliance with the Resolution. From the simulation of the scenario, it was observed that the implementation of sewage treatment plants for all the municipalities that still do not have sewage treatment would make the BOD variable meet the limits allowed by the legislation for class 2 fresh waters. It was also observed that if the implementation of the WWTP was only in the municipality of Itamarandiba, there would be a significant improvement in water quality, making 100% of the Araçuaí River comply with the legislation. Therefore, the analysis made it possible to evaluate that actions to improve sanitation should be directed to the municipality of Itamarandiba.
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